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    • .sd

    Country-code top-level domains

    Overview

    .sd is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) assigned to Sudan. Introduced on 6 March 1997, it is intended for entities connected with Sudan and is organized for registrations at the second level or at third level beneath defined second-level categories.

    History

    • First delegated in March 1997. Initial operational management was established by local contacts in Sudan.
    • By mid-2001 the registry had become largely non-functional and requests for redelegation followed.
    • IANA published a redelegation report on 20 December 2002; management of the domain has involved local institutions including the Sudan Internet Society (SIS) and other national telecom entities.
    • In 2018 the Internet Society supported a DNSSEC deployathon in Khartoum to promote adoption of DNS security for the .sd zone.

    Usage and Audience

    • Intended audience: entities and organizations connected with Sudan.
    • Actual use: reported to be "not very much used."
    • Common second-level categories and typical uses:
      • com.sd — companies
      • net.sd — network providers and ISPs
      • org.sd — Sudanese NGOs
      • edu.sd — Sudanese universities and colleges
      • med.sd — medical
      • tv.sd — TV channels and electronic media
      • gov.sd — Sudanese government and ministries
      • info.sd — newspapers, information, and media

    Registration Rules

    • Eligibility and screening:
      • Registrations are generally available but applications are screened by the registry and may be limited based on which second-level category they fall under.
      • Specific grounds for rejection include names that contradict public norms or religious teachings, deceive the public, promote illegal activities, act against the interests of Sudan, duplicate government domain names, use well-known personalities' names, or infringe commercial/private signs without permission.
    • Structure:
      • Names may be registered at the second level or at the third level beneath the sanctioned second-level categories listed above.
    • Character and length rules:
      • Minimum length: 2 characters; maximum length: 62 characters.
      • Allowed characters: English letters (a–z), digits (0–9) and the hyphen (-).
      • Hyphen restriction: names must not include dashes in the third and fourth positions.
    • Dispute policy: none specified.

    SEO and Brand Impact

    • As a country-code domain, .sd signals a Sudan connection which can be useful for local identity and trust within Sudan.
    • Usage is reported to be limited, which may affect broader recognition and adoption outside local or regional audiences.

    Notable Cases or Examples

    • An internationalized country code top-level domain in Arabic script, "سودان", was reserved for Sudan in November 2012.
    • The 2018 DNSSEC deployathon in Khartoum is a notable event aimed at improving .sd security and resilience.

    Operator

    Sudan Internet Society

    Whois

    % IANA WHOIS server
% for more information on IANA, visit http://www.iana.org
% This query returned 1 object

domain:       SD

organisation: Sudan Internet Society
address:      Al Fayha Buld, 4th Floor
address:      P.O.Box 13713, Code 11111
address:      Khartoum
address:      Sudan (the)

contact:      administrative
name:         SD Administration Management
organisation: Sudan Internet Society
address:      Al Fayha Buld, 4th Floor
address:      P.O.Box 13713, Code 11111
address:      Khartoum
address:      Sudan (the)
phone:        +249912148139
fax-no:       +24983766729
e-mail:       admin@isoc.sd

contact:      technical
name:         SD Technical Management
organisation: Sudan Internet Society
address:      Al Fayha Buld, 4th Floor
address:      P.O.Box 13713, Code 11111
address:      Khartoum
address:      Sudan (the)
phone:        +24983766122
fax-no:       +24983766729
e-mail:       tech@isoc.sd

nserver:      ANS1.CANAR.SD 196.29.180.14
nserver:      ANS1.SIS.SD 196.29.166.134
nserver:      ANS2.CANAR.SD 196.29.164.14
nserver:      ANS2.SIS.SD 102.130.251.10
nserver:      NS-SD.AFRINIC.NET 196.216.168.26 2001:43f8:120:0:0:0:0:26
nserver:      PCH.SIS.SD 2001:500:14:6097:ad:0:0:1 204.61.216.97
nserver:      SD.CCTLD.AUTHDNS.RIPE.NET 193.0.9.109 2001:67c:e0:0:0:0:0:109

whois:        whois.nic.sd

status:       ACTIVE
remarks:      Registration information: http://www.isoc.sd

created:      1997-03-06
changed:      2024-01-29
source:       IANA

    Registrars