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    • .th

    Country-code top-level domainsIDNDNSSEC

    Overview

    • .th is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Thailand.
    • It is administered by the Thai Network Information Center Foundation (THNIC / T.H.NIC Co., Ltd.).
    • Registrations are generally structured as third-level names beneath predefined second-level domains (for example, example.co.th).
    • A parallel IDN ccTLD, .ไทย (DNS name: xn--o3cw4h), was introduced for Thai-language domain names.
    • DNSSEC is supported.

    History

    • The .th ccTLD was introduced on 7 September 1988 and has been operated by THNIC (Thai Network Information Center Foundation).
    • By 22 April 2018, public records listed 68,036 registered .th domains; .ไทย had 18,633 registered domains as of the same date.
    • In 2010 the internationalized country-code top-level domain .ไทย was registered and introduced for domains in the local language.
    • In 2014 THNIC opened registration for direct second-level .th domains (example.th), with registrations typically released in three rounds annually.
    • In 2018 THNIC updated policies to advance registration options for natural and juristic persons while reserving the right to evaluate and limit the number of domains per registrant on a case-by-case basis.

    Usage and Audience

    • Intended for entities connected with Thailand; actual use is popular within Thailand.
    • Typical users include:
      • Commercial businesses (.co.th)
      • Academic institutions (.ac.th)
      • Government agencies (.go.th)
      • Military (.mi.th)
      • Non-profit organizations (.or.th)
      • Internet service providers (.net.th)
      • Individuals, companies or organizations (.in.th)
    • Many Thai websites have historically preferred .com names for simplicity, since registering .co.th can be more complicated.

    Registration Rules

    • Registry: Thai Network Information Center Foundation (THNIC / T.H.NIC Co., Ltd.).

    • Structure:

      • Standard practice is third-level registrations beneath predefined second-level domains (e.g., example.co.th).
      • Second-level direct .th registrations were opened in 2014 and are typically allocated in rounds.
      • The IDN .ไทย is used for Thai-language domain names; some .ไทย second-level names are mapped to existing .in.th or other third-level names.

    • Eligible applicants and special cases (policy highlights):

      • Academic (.ac.th): academic institutions certified by the Ministry of Education or equivalent agencies.
      • Commercial (.co.th): business entities. Foreign juristic entities and trademark owners may appoint an authorized representative (a juristic entity under Thai law or an entity with a Thai VAT ID) to register on their behalf.
      • Government (.go.th): government agencies and related projects.
      • Military (.mi.th): Royal Thai Armed Force agencies with authorization.
      • Network (.net.th): licensees of a telecommunications business.
      • Organization (.org.th): non-government organizations.
      • Individual/general (.in.th): individuals, companies or organizations with an official address in Thailand; Thai citizens or non-Thai citizens with a valid Thai work permit may register as applicable.

    • Documentation and verification:

      • .co.th registrations commonly require copies of company documents matching the requested domain name (e.g., a registered company name matching acme.co.th).
      • Registration of names that reference community, geographic, public, national industry or cultural names, government or international organization names, or names that could cause public confusion may require extended verification or expert review.
      • THNIC reserves the right to refuse or revoke registrations that violate policy or in cases of unusual registration activity (for example, multiple registrations in bad faith).

    • Limits and naming syntax:

      • Length: domain labels must be at least 2 and at most 63 characters.
      • Allowed characters: English letters (a-z), digits (0-9), and hyphen (-) with restrictions:
        • Hyphens may not appear as two consecutive characters ("--").
        • Hyphen cannot be the first or last character of a domain label.

    • Special policy notes:

      • A company can typically register a single .co.th domain matching the company name or initial company name and/or one .co.th domain per trademark.
      • For second-level (direct) .th registrations opened in 2014, each domain application is subject to an application fee (10,000 baht) and a 100,000 baht annual fee for the first 10 years (per THNIC guidelines).

    SEO and Brand Impact

    • .th is recognized as the national ccTLD for Thailand and is commonly used by Thai organizations and audiences seeking a local presence and trust.
    • Due to the administrative requirements for .co.th registrations, many Thai sites historically chose .com domains instead; however, .th and .ไทย are positioned for local identity and authenticity.

    Notable Cases or Examples

    • The IDN ccTLD .ไทย was introduced in 2010 to support domain names in the Thai script.
    • Domain counts reported on 22 April 2018: approximately 68,036 .th domains and 18,633 .ไทย domains.

    Operator

    Thai Network Information Center Foundation

    Whois

    % IANA WHOIS server
% for more information on IANA, visit http://www.iana.org
% This query returned 1 object

domain:       TH

organisation: Thai Network Information Center Foundation
address:      159 Thanon Phichai
address:      Khwaeng Thanon Nakhon Chaisi, Khet Dusit
address:      Bangkok 10300
address:      Thailand

contact:      administrative
name:         Chaya Limchitti
organisation: Thai Network Information Center Foundation
address:      159 Thanon Phichai
address:      Khwaeng Thanon Nakhon Chaisi, Khet Dusit
address:      Bangkok 10300
address:      Thailand
phone:        +66-2-244-8261
fax-no:       +66-2-244-8264
e-mail:       chaya@thnic.or.th

contact:      technical
name:         Pensri Arunwatanamongkol
organisation: Thai Network Information Center Foundation
address:      159 Thanon Phichai
address:      Khwaeng Thanon Nakhon Chaisi, Khet Dusit
address:      Bangkok 10300
address:      Thailand
phone:        +66 2 564 8039
fax-no:       +66 2 564 8040
e-mail:       pensri@thnic.or.th

nserver:      A.THAINS.CO.TH 122.155.23.64 2001:c38:2000:183:0:0:0:30
nserver:      B.THAINS.CO.TH 203.159.64.64 2405:3340:e011:3000:0:0:0:30
nserver:      C.THAINS.CO.TH 194.0.1.28 2001:678:4:0:0:0:0:1c
nserver:      NN1.THAINS.CO.TH 194.146.106.154 2001:67c:1010:39:0:0:0:53
nserver:      NS.THNIC.NET 202.28.0.1
nserver:      P.THAINS.CO.TH 2001:500:14:6126:ad:0:0:1 204.61.216.126
ds-rdata:     19117 8 2 e26bf35f73234ac50c600632fc717ae491f4a8b4f662fb29234f5499acfebf64

whois:        whois.thnic.co.th

status:       ACTIVE
remarks:      Registration information: http://www.thnic.co.th

created:      1988-09-07
changed:      2025-01-23
source:       IANA

    Registrars